Sustainability Knowledge Base

Explore emerging sustainable trends and understand their impact on the global economy. Search through terminology, concepts, and insights.

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Economic Impact

Finance
High
Carbon Credit Trading
Market-based approach allowing companies to buy and sell emission allowances.
carbon marketsemissions tradingcap-and-trade
Since 1997
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Finance
High
Green Bonds
Fixed-income instruments funding environmentally beneficial projects.
sustainable financeESG investingfixed income
Since 2007
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Policy
High
ESG Reporting Standards
Frameworks for disclosing environmental, social, and governance performance.
ESGcorporate reportingtransparency
Since 2000
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Agriculture
High
Regenerative Agriculture
Farming practices that restore soil health and sequester carbon.
soil healthcarbon sequestrationfarming
Since 2010
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Technology
High
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
Technologies that capture CO2 emissions and store them underground.
CCSdirect air capturedecarbonization
Since 1996
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Materials
High
Circular Economy
Economic model eliminating waste through reuse, repair, and recycling.
waste reductionrecyclingproduct design
Since 2012
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Materials
Medium
Biodegradable Packaging
Packaging materials designed to decompose naturally in the environment.
packagingbioplasticswaste reduction
Since 2015
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Energy
High
Solar Energy Innovation
Next-generation solar technologies achieving higher efficiency and lower costs.
solar powerperovskitephotovoltaics
Since 2018
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Energy
High
Green Hydrogen
Hydrogen produced using renewable energy through electrolysis of water.
hydrogen economyelectrolysisclean fuel
Since 2020
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Energy
High
Battery Storage Revolution
Advanced battery technologies enabling grid-scale energy storage.
batteriesenergy storagegrid stability
Since 2015
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Energy
High
Offshore Wind Power
Wind turbines installed in ocean waters to harness stronger, steadier winds.
wind energyoffshorefloating wind
Since 2016
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Agriculture
Medium
Vertical Farming
Indoor agriculture growing crops in stacked layers using controlled environments.
indoor farminghydroponicsurban agriculture
Since 2012
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Transportation
High
Electric Vehicle Adoption
Rapid growth of battery-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles worldwide.
EVselectric mobilitycharging infrastructure
Since 2012
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Transportation
Medium
Sustainable Aviation Fuel
Low-carbon jet fuels made from waste oils, agricultural residues, or green hydrogen.
aviationbiofuelsdecarbonization
Since 2018
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Agriculture
Medium
Precision Agriculture
Data-driven farming using sensors, drones, and AI for optimal resource use.
agtechIoTdata-driven farming
Since 2014
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Water
Medium
Water Desalination Innovation
Energy-efficient technologies converting seawater to freshwater.
water securitydesalinationclean water
Since 2016
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Policy
High
Net-Zero Emissions Targets
Commitments by nations and companies to achieve zero net greenhouse gas emissions.
net zeroclimate targetsdecarbonization
Since 2015
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Finance
High
Impact Investing
Investments made to generate measurable social and environmental impact alongside returns.
impact financesocial investingESG
Since 2007
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Technology
Medium
Smart Grid Technology
Digital technology enabling two-way communication between utilities and consumers.
smart gridenergy managementdemand response
Since 2010
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Water
Medium
Nature-Based Solutions
Using natural ecosystems to address societal challenges like climate change and flooding.
ecosystem restorationbiodiversityclimate adaptation
Since 2016
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Technology
High
AI for Sustainability
Applying artificial intelligence to optimize resource use and environmental monitoring.
artificial intelligencemachine learningoptimization
Since 2019
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Policy
Medium
Extended Producer Responsibility
Policy making manufacturers responsible for the entire lifecycle of their products.
waste policyproducer responsibilityproduct lifecycle
Since 2000
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Social
High
Sustainable Supply Chains
Integrating environmental and social standards across global supply chain operations.
supply chaintraceabilityethical sourcing
Since 2015
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Finance
High
Climate Risk Assessment
Evaluating financial exposure to physical and transition climate risks.
climate riskTCFDfinancial risk
Since 2017
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Technology
Medium
Biomimicry in Design
Designing products and systems inspired by nature's time-tested patterns.
biomimicrybio-inspired designinnovation
Since 2005
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Social
High
Just Transition
Ensuring the shift to a green economy is fair and inclusive for all workers and communities.
social justicelabor transitioninclusive growth
Since 2015
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Social
Medium
Sustainable Urban Planning
Designing cities that minimize environmental impact while maximizing livability.
urban designsmart citiesgreen buildings
Since 2010
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Water
Medium
Blue Carbon Ecosystems
Coastal ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses that sequester vast amounts of carbon.
blue carbonmangrovesseagrass
Since 2009
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Policy
High
Scope 3 Emissions Management
Measuring and reducing indirect emissions across an organization's entire value chain.
emissions accountingvalue chainGHG protocol
Since 2011
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Agriculture
Medium
Agrivoltaics
Co-locating solar panels and agricultural production on the same land.
solar farmingdual-use landfood-energy nexus
Since 2019
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